What is a Car Loan?
A car loan (also called an auto loan) is a secured installment loan that finances the purchase of a vehicle. The lender provides the full purchase amount upfront, and you repay it in equal monthly payments over a set term — typically 36, 48, 60, or 72 months — with interest.
Your monthly payment depends on three things: the loan amount (vehicle price minus down payment), the annual percentage rate (APR), and the loan term. A larger down payment reduces the loan amount and therefore your monthly payment and total interest paid. A shorter loan term means higher monthly payments but significantly less interest over the life of the loan.
Understanding the full cost of an auto loan before you visit a dealership puts you in a much stronger negotiating position. Many buyers focus only on the monthly payment, which lets dealers inflate the total cost with extended terms or hidden fees.